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PIC18C658 Datasheet

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PIC18CXX8
4.10
Access Bank
4.11
Bank Select Register (BSR)
The Access Bank is an architectural enhancement that
is very useful for C compiler code optimization. The
techniques used by the C compiler are also be useful
for programs written in assembly.
This data memory region can be used for:
鈥?/div>
鈥?/div>
鈥?/div>
鈥?/div>
鈥?/div>
Intermediate computational values
Local variables of subroutines
Faster context saving/switching of variables
Common variables
Faster evaluation/control of SFR鈥檚 (no banking)
The need for a large general purpose memory space
dictates a RAM banking scheme. The data memory is
partitioned into sixteen banks. When using direct
addressing, the BSR should be configured for the
desired bank.
BSR<3:0> holds the upper 4 bits of the 12-bit RAM
address. The BSR<7:4> bits will always read 鈥?鈥檚, and
writes will have no effect.
A
MOVLB
instruction has been provided in the instruc-
tion set to assist in selecting banks.
If the currently selected bank is not implemented, any
read will return all '0's and all writes are ignored. The
STATUS register bits will be set/cleared as appropriate
for the instruction performed.
Each Bank extends up to FFh (256 bytes). All data
memory is implemented as static RAM.
A
MOVFF
instruction ignores the BSR, since the 12-bit
addresses are embedded into the instruction word.
Section 4.12 provides a description of indirect address-
ing, which allows linear addressing of the entire RAM
space.
The Access Bank is comprised of the upper 160 bytes
in Bank 15 (SFR鈥檚) and the lower 96 bytes in Bank 0.
These two sections will be referred to as Access Bank
High and Access Bank Low, respectively. Figure 4-4
indicates the Access Bank areas.
A bit in the instruction word specifies if the operation is
to occur in the bank specified by the BSR register, or in
the Access Bank.
When forced in the Access Bank (a = 鈥?鈥?, the last
address in Access Bank Low is followed by the first
address in Access Bank High. Access Bank High maps
most of the Special Function Registers so that these
registers can be accessed without any software over-
head.
FIGURE 4-5:
DIRECT ADDRESSING
Direct Addressing
BSR<3:0>
7
from opcode
(3)
0
bank select
(2)
location select
(3)
00h
000h
01h
100h
0Eh
E00h
0Fh
F00h
Data
Memory
(1)
0FFh
1FFh
EFFh
FFFh
Bank 0
Note 1:
For register file map detail, see Table 4-2.
Bank 1
Bank 14
Bank 15
2:
The access bit of the instruction can be used to force an override of the selected bank
(BSR<3:0>) to the registers of the Access Bank.
3:
The
MOVFF
instruction embeds the entire 12-bit address in the instruction.
DS30475A-page 60
Advanced Information
铮?/div>
2000 Microchip Technology Inc.

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